Graduated from college today. This comic sums up my thoughts perfectly.
http://failnation.tumblr.com
Mark Bergfeld: Across Europe we have witnessed three strands of resistance...
And now for the leftovers of my dreams. #comfortfood
Doctor Who “stained glass” prints by Mandie Manzano
Who’s this?!
[I figured I might as well make this one rebloggable as well]
I wouldn’t mind at all!
So basically, the land called Israel now was a part of the Ottoman Empire, and after its collapse, it came under British occupation under the “British Mandate of Palestine”.
During the time of the British Mandate, the majority of the land that is now Israel was inhabited and owned by Palestinian Arabs. Following the Holocaust and the end of WWII, as well as the politicization of the Zionist movement [which called for the creation of a Jewish state in the land of Palestine], there was a massive spike in Jewish immigration to the region.
Despite this, Palestinian Arabs still made up a majority of the population, making up 69% of the population [~1,332,270 people] with the Jewish population making up 39% [~553,600], who were up from around 80,000 people just years before.
This massive influx resulted in increased tensions between Arabs and Jews, who prior to this immigration, had been living side by side.
During the British Mandate, Jewish Terrorist Groups such as the Lehi, Stern Gang, and Hagana began terror campaigns aimed at civilians and British military officials. They launched attack after attack, targeting everything from boats carrying civilians, to bombings railroad tracks and hotels, to assassinating prominent British and Arab political figures. The most notable terror attack carried out by these groups was the King David Hotel Bombing, which resulted in the deaths of 91 people. It was carried out by Irgun forces.
Eventually, the British grew tired of the relentless terror attacks by the Jewish groups, and took the issue to the UN, who soon drafted up the “UN Partition Plan”. This plan, drafted without the input of the Arab majority who made up Palestine, called for the split of Palestinian land, with the newly immigrated Jewish residents [still around 39% of the population] were to receive a majority of the land, while the majority, indigenous Palestinian people were to receive a smaller portion.
Obviously the Arabs rejected this plan, because it basically called for the establishment of a new, Israeli state on land that already belonged to Palestinian Arabs. Their refusal was ignored, and Zionist forces began the mass deportation and slaughter of the Palestinian people in order to make room for their “new state”.
Neighboring Arab countries then “invaded” the newly formed Israel in an attempt to halt Jewish [now Israeli] aggressions against the Palestinian population, resulting in what is known as the “1948 Arab-Israeli War”.
The Lehi, Irgun, and Hagana forces perpetrated countless massacres against the native Palestinian population, the most infamous of which being the Deir Yassin massacre that resulted in the execution of over 100 Palestinians, who were either lined up and shot, or were killed in their homes after Jewish forces would bar the doors to the house and throw grenades in through the windows. This particular massacre was carried out by the Lehi group, the leader of which went on to become an Israeli Prime Minister.
Word of this and other massacres began to spread, and some Palestinians began to flee their homes into Jordan, Syria and Lebanon. Many others were forced out of their villages at gunpoint. In the end, thousands of Palestinians were killed, with around 750,000 kicked out of their own homes, with over 500 Palestinian towns and cities completely depopulated and destroyed.
These events have gone on to be known as the Palestinian Nakba and Palestinian Exodus.
The descendants of those who were forced out of their homes now make up a majority of the population of Gaza [80% of the 1.6 million people there], and the total number of Palestinian refugees now numbers over 5,000,000.
Members and leaders of these various Jewish Terrorist Groups have since gone on to become Presidents and Prime Ministers of Israel, despite their actions in the past.
Fast-Forward to modern times, and Israel continues to steal Palestinian land through the use of Illegal, Jewish-Only settlements built on Palestinian territory against international law, justifiably angering Palestinians.
Ever since, Palestinians have been struggling to hold onto what little they have left while resisting Israeli occupation and apartheid in their own lands, which is precisely why Palestinians are “always so angry” towards their “Israeli neighbors”.
Put simply, it is a modern-day case of what occurred to the Native Americans.
(via lostgrrrls)
“war is “always an expression of culture, often a determinant of cultural forms, in some ways the society itself.” Keegan’s view of war overlapped with that of Margaret Mead, who saw war as not a “biological necessity” but as an invention. War, Keegan proposed, stems primarily neither from “human nature” nor economic factors but from the “institution of war itself.” War, in other words, is a self-perpetuating meme.”
Out of Many, One
I would go further and say this is the universal history of the world, that includes the development of Europe and North America - and white settler nations, and the underdevelopment of the rest of the world
HONOURING THE FOUNDING MOTHERS OF CARNIVAL
Claudia Jones and Rhaune Laslett-O’Brien were two of the most influential figures in establishing the annual street festival celebrating Caribbean culture in west London during the late 1950s and early 1960s. London’s Notting Hill Carnival takes place every year during the August Bank holiday and has grown to become the second largest street festival in the world.
CLAUDIA JONES, a Trinidadian, started Britain’s first Caribbean carnival in 1959 to raise money for the victims of the 1958 August Bank holiday Notting Hill race riots [Video:1958 News] .
Along with activists such as Amy Ashwood-Garvey (the wife of Marcus Garvey), Jones was central in defending London’s black community. Understanding the unifying power of Carnival, she suggested London needed a similar festival. Claudia sought to reverse the disesteem, loneliness and alienation of Black people in Britain, people like herself who time and circumstance had washed up on foreign shores, far from their roots and origins.
Claudia Jones held the first indoor carnival at London’s St Pancreas Town Hall 1959. Jones would hold an annual carnival every year afterwards until her death in 1964.
Known as a political activist and community leader, Jones also created the West Indian Gazette Newspaper (1958-65) , a key contributor to the rise in Consciousness within the Black community. Jones vision influenced the landscape of African Caribbean culture in Britain.
RHAUNE LASLETT-O’BRIEN, of Russian and Native American decent, lived in West London most of her life. She dedicated her time helping the poor and fighting for community cohesion. She organized the first outdoor Notting Hill festival and also founded the Notting Hill Neighborhood Service, a voluntary service, which offered free legal and welfare advice to locals. She died in 2002.
The blue plaques honouring the first ladies of London’s Notting Hill carnival are in the heart of the carnival route on the corner of Tavistock Square and Portobello Road.
Sources: The Voice [Black British Newspaper ] |Westminster Chronicle [Local London Newspaper ]| blacknerdsnetwork [The History of Notting Hill Carnival ]| www.ItzCaribbean.com [“Claudia Jones Remembered” by Shango Baku] | www.RhauneLaslettOBrien.com | Museum of London|